The included studies used poor methods that could mean that their results were biased (incorrectly favouring one drug instead of the other). However, clinicians could consider single-dose azithromycin as an option, because it caused fewer adverse events. For non-pregnant women with CT infections there are no advantages with any of the included antibiotics.

This means that with current available evidence, doxycycline would be the first option for treatment in men with urethritis. There were no differences in clinical failure for women or men in doxycycline versus azithromycin nor in doxycycline versus ofloxacin. We found that microbiological failure was less likely in men treated with doxycycline than men given azithromycin, and there were fewer adverse events (side effects) in men and women with azithromycin. We developed meta-analysis (a way of combining the results of studies), for two comparisons: azithromycin 1 g single dose versus doxycycline 100 mg twice a day for seven days, and doxycycline 100 mg twice a day for seven days versus ofloxacin 300 mg to 400 mg once daily or twice daily for seven days. The other studies declared that they were self-funded or did not mention funding at all. One study reported funding from academic grants, another four studies declared having received sponsorship or grants from pharmaceutical companies. Studies compared the antibiotics doxycycline with azithromycin, and doxycycline with ofloxacin. Most of the studies took place in sexually transmitted disease clinics in the USA. The studies lasted from 7 to 84 days after the end of treatment, with an average of 28 days. All of the participants had a positive test for CT. Women showed no symptoms or had uterine cervicitis, and men had non-gonococcal urethritis (an inflammation of the urethra not caused by gonorrhoeal infection). We selected 14 studies with a total of 2715 men and non-pregnant women with CT infection, who had been treated with any antibiotic recommended by clinical guidelines (2147 (79.08%) men and 568 (20.92%) women). We searched for studies published up to June 2018 that provided information about failure to eliminate the CT infection or improve the symptoms, presence of adverse events, antimicrobial resistance, and reinfection.

This Cochrane review evaluates all randomised controlled studies (where participants are assigned at random to one of the treatments), that included antibiotics for the treatment of genital CT infection that are recommended by the most up-to-date clinical guidelines. Clinical guidelines for treating CT do not recommend a preferred antibiotic treatment. CT infection can lead to complications or cause further problems in reproductive health in women (infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain), and men (prostatitis (swollen prostate gland), or chronic pelvic pain. However, women frequently show no symptoms when they are infected. This systematic review assessed the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) genital infection in terms of microbiological or clinical failure in men and non-pregnant women.Д¬T is the most frequent cause of urinary tract and genital infections in women and men.

Chlamydia medication